Milling is a mechanical process that allows the shaping of parts into complex shapes. It is carried out by chip removal, thanks to the application of a tool with defined geometry and rotary motion. Milling, unlike turning, which removes the chip by rotating only the workpiece, is done through the rotation of special tools, the cutters, and the translation of the entire bench to which the workpiece is anchored.
The processing normally involves a first phase of roughing, where the removal of the material takes place quickly and economically, and a second phase of finishing, which allows to obtain a product that complies with the design in terms of dimensions, surface tolerances and roughness. The high precision and excellent finish make this machining suitable for the production of custom-made elements, limited batch quantities or semi-finished products obtained through a different process. Milling is carried out by machine tools such as milling machines and machining centres.