Milling in Precision Mechanics
Precision mechanical machining has reached unprecedented levels of accuracy thanks to modern machines that have revolutionized every stage of production. These advanced systems perform multiple operations simultaneously and efficiently, optimizing the entire production cycle of mechanical components. By using ultra-modern technologies, these machines shape objects by removing excess material. Although the concept of material removal dates back to the early days of engineering, today's processes are carried out with multi-axis workbenches that operate simultaneously and autonomously.
Milling: The Most Versatile Shaping Technique
Milling is the most widespread and versatile shaping technique, suitable for both metals and plastic materials. Milling machines, commonly known as mills, remove excess material to create surfaces, grooves, or holes. This is achieved through the rotation of specialized tools called cutters and the movement of the workbench on which the material is fixed. Modern milling machines are equipped with Computer Numerical Control (CNC), enabling highly automated and precise operations. Advanced technology has also introduced multitasking machines that integrate both milling and turning operations—a growing trend among leading automotive manufacturers.
The Milling Process in Detail
The milling process consists of two main phases: roughing and
finishing. Roughing removes most of
the material, while finishing ensures the component’s final precision and
definition. The process can be linear or
circular. Linear milling is carried out along two axes to produce clean and
accurate surfaces, while circular
milling is more complex and often replaces traditional drilling. The cutting is
radial and is used to remove
chips.
In the production cycle of mechanical components, milling can also be applied
to:
● Threading: Essential for creating helical joints between
components, such as screws.
● Profiling: Used to refine details, especially important for
small and high-precision parts.
